Пророчество о победе римлян
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Коран предсказал победу Византийской империи над Персией в течение нескольких лет после их сокрушительного поражения — пророчество, которое исполнилось с замечательной точностью.
غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَى الْأَرْضِ وَهُم مِّن بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ ۗ لِلَّهِ الْأَمْرُ مِن قَبْلُ وَمِن بَعْدُ ۚ وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
Повержены римляне в ближайшей земле, но после поражения они победят в течение нескольких лет
Коран 30:2-4
Объяснение
В период между 613-619 годами н.э. Персидская империя нанесла сокрушительное поражение Византийской империи. Коран предсказал, что римляне победят 'в ближайшей земле' в течение нескольких лет — пророчество, которое казалось невозможным в то время. В 627 году н.э. римляне одержали решающую победу в битве при Ниневии.
Научные детали
Historical Context
In 614 CE, the Persian Sassanid Empire under Khosrow II defeated the Byzantine Romans and captured Jerusalem. The Byzantines had been pushed back to Constantinople, their capital, and faced internal rebellions and financial collapse. No military expert of that time would have predicted a Byzantine recovery, let alone victory.
The Precise Timeframe
The Arabic term 'bid'i sineen' (بضع سنين) used in the prophecy specifically refers to a timeframe of 3-9 years. Emperor Heraclius began his counter-offensive in 622 CE and achieved decisive victories by 624 CE, exactly within the prophesied timeframe - approximately 7-9 years after the revelation of these verses.
Geopolitical Implications
The prophecy also mentioned that 'the believers will rejoice' with this victory. This had profound significance as the Byzantines were Christians who, like Muslims, believed in divine revelation, prophets, and monotheism, unlike the Zoroastrian Persians. This religious dimension added another layer to the prophecy's fulfillment.
Linguistic Precision
The prophecy uses precise language in Arabic. The term 'ghalaba' (غلب) appears in both active and passive forms to describe first the Romans' defeat and then their victory, creating a perfect linguistic balance. The term 'adna al-ard' (أدنى الأرض) or 'nearest land' accurately referred to the Dead Sea region, the lowest land area on Earth, where major battles took place.
Источники
- Howard-Johnston, J. (2010). Witnesses to a World Crisis: Historians and Histories of the Middle East in the Seventh Century
- Kaegi, W.E. (2003). Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium
- Foss, C. (1975). The Persians in Asia Minor and the End of Antiquity
- Kennedy, H. (2007). The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In